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HomeMy WebLinkAboutHDC2016-029 Information From Lif Cycle Analysis Of Brick From BORAL Co._ Borah -bricks are natural products that=; are extremely well-suitod for construction 4 projects planned with the principles o A. sustainable design. Boral's fundamental. s` objectives of sustainable design, sometimes'' .� descri"bed as green building, include. Reducing the negative effects of building on the -environment Reducing the consumption of non-renewable resources- -� Minimizing vast Creating healthy, productiye environments. ` Contributing to the..health-and -cbmfort of, building oqudpants • 'improving building perforrnanGe overall r.t:" r. Brick meets the following standards incorporated in the philosophy of sustainable design: A Clemson University analysis of the life cycle and sustainability of exterior cladding materials suggests that greener buildings can be achieved by, among other things: Energy Advantages of Brick Construction As an exterior cladding material, brick offers energy advantages on several fronts. Not only is it a green material comparatively little energy to manufacture, but building with brick also results in structures that have greater energy efficiency than structures built with many other exterior cladding materials, providing long-term energy conservation and savings. • Brick construction provides the advantages of thermal mass, holding temperatures constant longer than other materials, resulting in more comfortable interior environments with greater energy efficiency during both cold and warm weather. • The insulating air space in brick cavity wall construction enhances the advantages of the thermal mass properties of brick. • When compared to double -reflective glass often used in cornmercial construction, insulated brick cavity wall construction resists heat gain approximately 50 times better. • When compared to an insulated metal sandwich panel wall commonly used in commercial construction, insulated brick cavity wall construction resists heat gain approximately nine times better. • The amount of energy needed to produce brick is lower than most building materials designed for comparable use. • Virtually all brick used in construction nationwide is also manufactured in the United States with domestically sourced materials, which results in lower transportation costs and energy expenditure for the shipment of raw materials. ■ An abundance of brick manufacturing facilities located throughout the United States essentially ensures that less energy is used to transport brick to construction sites than to transport other materials, such as aluminum or steel. Environmentally Friendly N/'.anufacturing Beyond compliance, Boralo embraces the principles of sustainable development for continued success and growth. To Boral° sustainable development in the environmental sense means: • The non -wasteful use of resources, • Taking into account community needs including energy and water, along with and expectations, as well as financial the development of processes to considerations, in all operations. reduce the amount of energy required to manufacture each unit of brick. 0 Non-renewable resources utilized on the basis of competent and cost-effective • Minimizing any adverse impact on the extraction, optimal recycling and reuse, environment at extraction and manufacturing and progressive development and reuse locations and exercising the same level of of alternative materials and energy. care and responsibility in the rehabilitation and, where required, remediation of sites. _,.:, clay The raw materials that Boral'l uses to produce brick are surface -mined in a way that causes minimal long-term impact to the environment. These are materials that, over the course of centuries, can be used again and again, or can be broken down without harm and returned to the earth. There is effectively no waste and the land at extraction locations is reclaimed according to federal and state guidelines, which often include replanting with trees or lake development. And, unlike other building materials, brick creates little waste when it is manufactured. Mining one pound of clay produces nearly one pound of brick with only slight moisture and mineral loss. Additionally, at some Boraf' facilities, brick is produced with a combination of clay, shale and recycled wood waste materials. The wood waste is burned away during the firing process, which results in lighter -weight brick that can be as much as 20 percent lighter than traditional brick, without sacrificing the integrity of the brick. Lighter brick has enhanced insulating properties and is also more fuel efficient to transport. Boral's Terre Haute, Indiana manufacturing facility is the only brick plant in the U.S. to receive a LEED Gold Certification. Additionally, the Salisbury, SC manufacturing facility has been certified as a Cradle to Cradle supplier of natural clay brick products. a' 4rs�e�' METHANE GAS The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires large landfills to capture methane emissions and either bum them off in a safe, environmentally responsible way or find alternative uses for these emissions. Many scientists believe that methane emissions contribute to man made global warming. Methane is four times more problematic as a greenhouse gas than when used as fuel. WOOD WASTE AND RECLAIMED MATERIALS EMBODIED' ENERGY ANALYSIS OF BRICK MATERIAL WOOD BRICK FIBER CEMENT CONCRRETE VINYL 1240 Other than cleaning, no maintenance or a"tionai treatment is required 100 years 124kWh Per ton per Year LEED Certification and the NAHB National Green Building Standard These rating systems, which encompass both commercial and residential construction practices, focus on sustainable design principles. These principles consider how the materials used in construction are manufactured, used and disposed of, including recyclability. The application of materials in sustainable design also takes into consideration the energy efficiency and use of resources in the completed building. The LEEDTr^ Green Building Rating System for New Construction and Major Renovations, developed by the U.S. Green Building Council, is a set of performance standards for certifying the design and construction of commercial or institutional buildings and high-rise residential buildings of all sizes, both public and private.The intent is to promote healthful, durable, affordable and environmentally sound practices in building, design and construction. Clay brick products that meet or exceed ASTM C216 and/or C652 standards are applicable for both the LEED and green building rating systems. Here are just a few areas where brick can contribute to a project being awarded a LEEDTM certification.' Note: Points shown below refer to total points allowed in credit, not points contributed solely by brick. "eBLE `l Credit 6 Stormwater Design (1-2 points) Permeable pavements utilizing Pexlble brick paverents allow for water to filter back inlo the ground. Credit 7 Heat Island Effect: Non -Roof (1 point) Light colored brick pavers (plus some select, red pavers) qualify as a hardscape matenal with an SRI of at least 29. CATEGORY ENERGY 8 ATMOSPHERE Credit t Optimize Energy Performance (1-19 points) Brick is an energy -efficient material with insulating value and high thermal mass. It can also be used in passive solar construction by utilizing its thermal lag to reduce peak energy loads. CATEGORY MATERIALS h RESOURCES Credit t Building Reuse (1-4 points) Brick has a useful life of more than 100 years. Brick buildings can often be reused. Brick walls and non-structural elements can also be reused. Credit 2 Construction Waste Management (1-2 points) Brick's small unit size helps divert waste from landfills and salvagedbrick can be used in road construction or other buildings. Credit 3 Materials Reuse (1-2 points) Prerequisites and credits Brick and other masonry are among the most commonly in the I F2009 for New salvaged building materials. Construction and Major Credit 4 Recycled Content (1-2 points) Renovations addresses i Numerous manufacturers make brick that incorporates topics and incIUCiEs Specific recycled or industrial waste aggregates that are rendered points avaltabl as foIIOWS: harmless when the brick s fired. Credit 5 Regional Materials (1-2 points) Sustainable Site 26 The raw mate) ials of brick, clay and shale are abundant and Water Efficiency 10 always nearbymaking brick available regionally, efficient to Energy l� Atmosphere 35 transport and distribute. 14 Materials &Resources 14 CATEGORY INDOORENVIRONMErITALQUALITY Indoor EnvlronFrienWQuality 15 Credit 4 Low -Emitting Materials - Flooring Systems (1 point) lnnovation in Design 6 The use of brick floors avoids carpets and adhesives - leading Regional Priority 4 to the avoidance of VOCs. Total Possihle Points 110 CATEGORY INNOVATION IN DESIGN Credit t Innovation in Design (1-5 points) Brick can contribute to superior acoustic comfort. Brick interior walls do not require paint - leading to the avoidance of VOCs. Brick structures also can also yield a Life Cycle Certified 40-49 Assessment advantage. Silver 50-59 CATEGORY- REGIONAL PRIORITY Gold 60-79 Credit t Regional Priority (1-4 points) Platinum 80 and above Brick can help achieve credits that address geographically spec,ficenvironmental priorities. categories and credits apply to LEED INC) 2009 Rating System LELD cerlihcat un proVid"= on aPW-Ill demonslr :s Ihal erVi^onmsnlal goals have bee^ met r or more, formal or ,bo, I L C FD l .e regi_ter _ prolec' lo• -EQ ce 1 fi pk "'goo o g I a u-n aoout he NANB G^ear Bull- ing Plog-(glom 019 LEED-NC' LEED FOR HOMES2 NAHB NATIONAL GREEN BUILDING STANDARD' REUSE EXISTING BUILDINGS Brick masonry buildings can be renovated and reused. URBAN DEVELOPMENT Brick masonry is suitable and highly adaptable to urban infill projects. LOCATION ON SITE Site building to optimize solar radiation (passive solar heating and cooling possible). Maintain open space (brick construction requires minimal disruption of site) STORMWATER DESIGN Reduce quantity and improve quality of runoff with permeable brick pavement. HEAT ISLAND EFFECT Light-colored pavers can help reduce heat buildup. FFICIENCY, THERMAL COMFORT AND ENERGY ANALYSIS IMPROVED ENERGY PERFORMANCE Thermal mass of brick helps reduce heat transfer; pressure -equalized brick rain screen walls. THERMAL COMFORT Thermal mass of brick helps reduce indoor temperature swings. ENERGY ANALYSIS Energy modeling reflects benefits of thermal mass of brick. RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY Thermal mass of brick walls and floors can be used in passive solar designs. F LEED-NC' LEED FOR HOMES2 r- L III LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AVOIDANCE OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE Use modular designs to avoid waste. RECYCLING OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE Brick and packaging are 1009/6 recyclable. SALVAGED MATERIALS Salvaged brick and pavers can be reused, RECYCLED CONTENT Brick may contain recycled sawdust, sludge, metallic oxides. Mortar/grout may use fly ash. — — REGIONAL MATERIALS Brick manufacturing plants are located near raw matanalc and avadahlP thrni iohni it the NAHB NATIONAL GREEN BUILDING STANDARD United States. MATERIALS THAT DO NOT REQUIRE ON -SITE FINISHES No finishes are required of brickwork. can be used inside as well. MATERIALS MADE WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY Several brick manufacturers use landfill gas or sawdust to fire brick. DURABILITY AMID DESIGN FOR SERVICE LIFE DURABILITY Brick has a useful life of more than 100 years. TERMITE -RESISTANT MATERIALS IN AREAS OF TERMITE INFESTATION Insects do not eat buck. WEATHER -RESISTANT BARRIER OR DRAINAGE PLANE INSIDE SIDING OR VENEER Brick veneer introduced the drainage wall. FLASHING Flashirg is always present in well -detailed brick buildings. ACOUSTIC COMFORT Brick walls provide an STC of 45 or higher. LEED—NC' LEED FOR HOMES' NAHB NATIONAL GREEN BUILDING STANDARD' FIRE-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION Brick will not burn or emit toxic fumes. IMPACT -RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION Brick masonry resists damage from windborne debris and other impacts. r_m.. MATERIALS WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS " Brick walls can serve as structure and finish, provide acoustic separation and provide thermal mass. USE PRODUCTS THAT CONTAIN FEWER RESOURCES THAN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS Thinner brick units use less material and weigh less; hollow brick units use less material and can be reinforced_ FOUNDATIONS THAT REQUIRE LESS MATERIAL Pier and panel fou^dations of brick meet this practice STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS THAT OPTIMIZE MATERIAL USE Engineering design, rather than empirical design, of brick walls provides better utiliza*ion of materials. AVOID VOCS Interior brick walls paint. Interior brick floors carpets and adhesives. MOLD With moisture -tolerant materials and finishes, brick is ^ot a food source for mold and can be easily cleaned. PRODUCT MANUFACTURER IS ISO 14001 CERTIFIED version 2 2 -Total passible points -69 ur Homes (January 2 ossible points - 136 3 NAHB National Green Bu Id Draft 2 (2008) - Total possible points - approximately 2000 Sourcing from Regional Materials The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating SystemT"" offers points in the certification system in the Materials and Resources category under credit 5 for purchasing materials sourced, recycled or manufactured within a 500-mile radius of the project site. Using regional materials reduces the use of fossil fuels for transporting materials. Graph below shows 500-mile radius around Borah' brick manufacturinc Borah' brick manufacturing facility F(VLmilo radii is Bessutr. AL , Macon, GA MS Phernx City, i t�rr�,: Build something great" Life Cycle Analysis of Brick The chart below provides an across-the-board comparison of brick to block masonry, EIFS, fiber cement and vinyl siding. The comparisons in the chart are based on the energy used to manufacture and ship each of these products, as well as other environmental factors to consider when choosing exterior cladding. The figures are determined based on the total life span or life cycle of the structure; e.g., the total amount of energy required to produce the product averaged over the anticipated life of the product. The life cycle is established as the length of warranty for each product. CC, LADnIN r, / I IFF (-'Y(-'I F ANIAI Y.qI�0, BLOCK MASONRY FIBER CEMENT VINYL SIDING WARRANTY I 50 YEARS ! 50 YEARS 50 YEARS WEIGHT / FTa 42.8 LB 2.3 LB 0.5 LB ENERGY, MINING AND RECYCLING: RECYCLING: RECYCLING: MANUFACTURING 80% 0% 80% RECYCLING AND ENERGY: ENERGY: ENERGY - ENERGY KWH / FT2 / YR 0.228 0.328 0.005 0.026 0.210 POLLUTION 0.001 WATER AND AIR EMISSIONS LB / FTz / YR I �I 100 MILES 365 MILES DISTRIBUTION ENERGY 310 MILES AVG / DISTANCE, 0.004 0.146 0.001 MILES AND NET ENERGY KWH / FTz / YR 0.460" WASTE AND DEPLETION 0.203 0.048 I LB/FT°/YR I TOTALS EIFS 5 YEARS 1.24 LB RECYCLING: 0% ENERGY: 5.48 0.023 300 MILES 0.1893 0.828 ENERGY 0.232 _ 0.005 0.203 I 0.474 0.211 5.669 POLLUTION 0.026 0.001 0.023 WASTE AND DEPLETION 0.048 0.460 0.828 Research data In chart was generated by the National Bock Research Center. Clemson Unwersily. 1 No proven method —, rare. 2 Used to maximum in this analysis (80%) Accord-ng to the Vinyl Siding Institute, 100% of vinyl is recyclable. Some environmental groups clam recyling of vinyl siding results in dioxin emissions 3 Low weight per truckload influenced results. J Depletion of salt in processing PVG influenced results Mixed Sources 1. Product group from well -managed Y forests and other controlled sources FSC www.fsc.org Cent no. 5C5-COC-001058 1996 Forest stewardship Council © 2011 Boral Bricks Inc. 2703