HomeMy WebLinkAboutLU99-05-01_Downtown ReportDowntown Little Rock
Framework for the Future
Prepared By:
MacArthur Park Planning Committee
Central Business District Planning Committee
State Capitol Planning Committee
Downtown Steering Committee
Department of Planning and Development
DRAFT
PREFACE
Since this project was started in early 1997, a number of other planning efforts
have started that concentrate on the Downtown area. These efforts have
produced a synergy, one that does not duplicate, but builds upon one another
to expand and enhance basic concepts that are inherent to all. Specifies of
implementation that have already started:
• Proposed changes to the existing zoning ordinance to encourage mixed uses.
• Corridors Study to examine six streets on a lot by lot basis and make
recommendations.
• Six Bridges District Study to connect with North Little Rock's Downtown.
• The River Rail Street Car Feasibility Study for Downtownhasbeencom-
pl.eted by Central Arkansas Transit Authority (CATA).
• Siting of Presidential Library to serve as a major activity generator to help
spur developmentin Downtown.
Some of the recommended actions found in the Framework for the Future will
require changes to existing city ordinances, adoption of new city ordinances,
and in some cases legislative action by the State of Arkansas.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Downtown Vision
Objectives and Action Statements
Housing
Transportation
Land Use and Zoning
Public Safety
T Historic Preservation
Urban Design
Image / Vitality
Economic Development
Public Spaces / Open Space
Infrastructure
Tourism
2
3
4
6
8
11
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
28
Special Corridors 30
Existing Conditions
Downtown Area
34
Socio -Economic
35
Existing Land Use
36
Existing Zoning
38
Circulation
40
Historic District
42
River Market District
45
Six Bridges District
46
ALE ndices
Zoning Categories
50
Land Use Categories
52
Proposed Zoning Districts
54
Definitions
57
Committee Members
58
Framework for the Future I
TO OKLAHOMATO ST. LOUIS
CITY 339 ML j 356 MI.
1.630 I-40
TO MEMPHIS
1-430 I-440 138 MI.
Arkansas River
TO DALLAS
U.S. 65
319 MI. "
TO NEW ORLEANS - 441 MI.
Vincinity Map
Not To Scale
INTRODUCTION
As part of the Future Little Rock process, a recommendation was made to
"appoint acommitleofstakeholders to idcniifysites for Downtown revitaliza-
tion and retain a consultant to assist in site identification, master planning, design
and fiscal analysis." The Future Little Rock document A New Focus for
Change: Goals for Litile Rock recommended "the City develop a MasterPlan
for activities and services to support Downtown revitalization".
The Little Rock Board of Directors in 1996 instructed the Department of
Planning and Development Staff to develop a new plan for Downtown as
recommended by Future Little Rock. A committee of stakeholders was
appointed in early 1997 and they started the work of examining Downtown for
the development ofa `revitalization plan'.
The area south of the Arkansas River to Interstate 630 and 17th Street and east
of the Union Pacific railroad line to the old Rock Island railroad line was
selected as the study area. The area was divided into four planning areas: State
Capitol planning area (Union Pacific railroad tracks to Chester Street), Central
Business District planning area (Chester Street to Scott Street), MacArthur
Park planning area (Scott Street to Interstate 30), and Hanger Hill planning area
(Interstate 30 to Rock Island railroad tracks). The first three planning areas had
separate committees representing interests within that area.
The Planning Area committees identified the issues, opportunities and threats
within each area. They also developed a mission or vision statement for their
area. From each of these statements one mission statement was created for
Downtown Little Rock.
A number ofother planning efforts have surfaced during this period. Aspartof
the Framework project, UALR Donaghey Project for Urban Design started
two contracts with the City of Little Rock. One is for a Corridors Study, a study
ofsix major corridors in Downtown and the second is the Six Bridges Study, a
joint contract with the cities of North Little Rock and Little Rock, Pulaski
County and the Advertising and Promotion Commission to look at development
along the river on both sides. These studies parallel and compliment this =
document. The Central Arkansas Transit Authority has started in motion a fixed
light rail transitsystem to join the Downtown areas on both sides ofthe river
together. Also, the construction ofthe arena on the north side of the river has
begun. This document, initially called the Downtown Plan, has evolved into a
Frametivork; which ties and links all other plans and strategies together.
The Frametivorkfor the Future is just that, a framework. This document
proposed recommendations that were generated by people living and working
Downtown. This document is meant to be broad and general in nature, with
greater appeal for each person. The Framework recommendations include new
Downtown zoning districts and incentives for development and redevelopment
which stress mixed use projects, reinforce the basic ideas and concepts for
Downtown, implementation of the Corridor Study concepts, and implementa-
tion of the CATA fixed light rail transit system.
2 Downtown Little Rock
DOWNTOWN VISION
Downtown should become a place where people want to live and visit and
should have a lasting and recognizable image, distinguishable from all
other nearby environments.
Because it is the State capital and proud symbol of a metropolitan area,
Downtown Little Rock has many opportunities. Downtown should be the
Financial, office and governmental center of the region and as such should
be planned as a place where people live, visit, and work in a safe, vibrant,
pedestrian -friendly environment.
The built environment should encourage a sense of community and safety
among residents and visitors. Downtown should be planned to become a
place of 24-hour activity. These general planning goals should be rein-
forced by such urban design and planning interventions as the following:
• Specify land uses for entertainment and residential use
• Preserve and reuse existing buildings '
• Capitalizeon the Presidential Library as an economic development tool
• Provide an effective transportation plan with a variety of modes
Develop parking policies that will enhance Downtown
• Provide landscaping throughout the area
• Utilize the Presidential Library as an regional educational resource
center
• Develop streetscaping plans designed for specific needs in designated
areas
• Develop.a means to encourage property owners to reinvest in Down-
town
• Work with Federal, State and County governments to ensure the suc-
cess of the vision
• Specify land uses that will encourage
the development of a niche for retail
activities
• Encourage a built form of quality archi-
tectural styles that evoke character
• Preserve civic and historic heritage
• Recognize the Riverfront as a key urban
activity generator
State Capitol
Planning Area
ARKANSAS
VER
..CSD
Planning AreaZ J."
Mac.rthur Park
Planning Arra
Huger Hill
Planning Arca
Planning Areas
Framework for the Future
OBJECTIVES AND ACTION STATEMENTS
Objective One
The Downtown urban form should be protected by requiring structures be
built to the street with street level activity and visual connection between
the street and interior.
Action Statement
Modify the development standards to encourage higher density develop-
ment and zero lot -line construction. Modify parking regulations (number
of spaces, screening, etc.)
• Select a working group to develop standards.
• Hold meetings to receive input from both area residents/owners and
people throughout the City.
• Develop standards with working group.
• Review additional standards through public meetings.
• Adopt standards through public hearings.
Special design studies should be undertaken and regulations implemented
for streets and corridors of community -wide importance (Markham, Capi-
tol Avenue, Main and Center Streets).
• Identify corridors, with city-wide public input.
• Conduct urban design studies of each corridor with input from property
owners and citizens.
• Develop regulations to implement the urban design plan.
Objective Two
To support an urban land use form, a fixed transit system is needed. An
investment must be made in a fixed transit system for Downtown that
effectively connects the different parts of Downtown and moves people
within that area.
Action Statement
Build a transit infrastructure — fixed routes to serve the Downtown and
immediate vicinity.
• Continue commitment from central Arkansas cities to fund Downtown
transit.
• Selection of a working group to review possible routes and vehicle type.
• Collection of input from public on routes and transit type.
• Selection of diverse routes and transit types.
• Development of funding plan for implementation.
• Linkage of the Presidential Library with other activity generators.
4 Downtown Little Rock
OBJECTIVES AND ACTION STATEMENTS
Objective Three
Residential use is essential for an active and successful Downtown. Be-
cause the Downtown residential area has lost most of its residential units,
the City of Little Rock must invest in downtown housing to assist in
reviving the area thereby creating housing opportunities for high as well as
moderate -income levels.
Action Statement
Create development and use incentives for owner occupied, market rate
rental, and affordable rental residential developments in Downtown.
Objective Four !
Downtown must be actively marketed. In most cities a quasi -public agency
does this work. The City must establish (with Downtown property owners)
an agency to advance the economic development of Downtown.
Action Statement
Develop a quasi -public downtown development agency to market and
assist with the implementation of projects.
Objective Five
In order to achieve an active Downtown, developments should be mixed
use and linked.
Action Statement
Using the Framework for the Future document as a reference, establish
consensus among quasi -public, City, County, and State entities regarding.
the vision of Downtown. Implement strategies conducive to the objectives
of the established vision. Assist only developments that conform to the
Framework guidelines.
Framework for the Future 5
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Historic Home
HOUSING
A stable residential population is critical for maintaining a vibrant, ener-
getic Downtown and assists in promoting Downtown as a lively urban area.
Residents provide a steady support for commercial establishments located
in the area and also encourage support services such a grocery stores, day
cares, and drug stores to establish themselves in and around the Downtown.
The fear of crime, real or imagined, prevents many people from venturing
into Downtown after business hours. A residential population provides
security in the area by promoting a feeling of ownership of the city.
Downtown is no longer viewed as deserted, but as a welcoming neighbor-
hood.
Existing housing in Downtown should be preserved and rehabilitated. In
order to create truly diverse and demographically representative Down-
town neighborhoods, housing that encompasses a wide range of types,
prices, and rent levels should be developed. Residential development must
not be all high-income nor all low-income. but must comprise a broad mix.
Recommended Actions
• Create a public/private downtown management entity or expand the
existing Downtown Partnership. The primary responsibility of the
entity will be to implement a downtown plan. An experienced, commu-
nity -oriented staff needs to be hired. Broad based funding commit-
ments from both public and private sources need to be obtained.
• Protect MacArthur Park I listoric District, the primary existing residen-
tial area within Downtown, by enacting zoning that will discourage
both density increases and single-family to multi -family or non-resi-
dential conversions within the historic district.
• Create a loan pool specifically for Downtown housing and/or issue
bonds for residential projects. Public funds must be used as initial seed
money to encourage development of housing and to provide a measure
of security to private developers. Funds must not be limited to one
income level, but must be available to provide housing to all income
levels.
• Create incentives such as a tax abatement program to aid development
of a full spectrum of Downtown housing.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TII') with the next
State legislature. TIF funds, in addition to other innovative financing
mechanisms, are needed to help fund a wide variety of Downtown
public projects, including public improvements to residential develop-
ment.
• Assist developers with design, zoning, land assembly, and site prepa-
ration costs.
Downtown Little Rock
HOUSING
• Provide tax credits on the full value of historic buildings to encourage
rehabilitation/preservation of existing buildings used for housing and
potential housing structures.
• Create a downtown development authority that has the ability to issue
bonds and assist with the financing of projects.
• Adopt alternative building codes for renovation of space above com-
mercial establishments for housing.
• Adopt a mixed-use zoning ordinance that will help overcome existing
barriers of constructing housing above commercial establishments.
• Denne and target specific areas for housing development.
• Protect the existing housing stock and encourage home
ownership wherever possible.
• Utilize innll and redevelopment strategies to create new
housing units. .!
• Require mixed-use projects so needed services are pro-
vided to support the downtown residential population.
• Inventory the existing housing units fornumbers and types.
• Conduct a study to determine what the market is for down-
town housing and where people will live Downtown.
• Reduce previous tax obligations to Metrocentre Improve-
ment District forany properties which add residential units.
Mired Use Of Commercial and Residential
Framework for the Future
TRANSPORTATION
Downtown must be accessible. People must be able to get to Downtown
and be able to get around Downtown. Enhancing the ease of accessibility
requires a balance of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Downtown should
be a place where people feel comfortable moving about on foot without
being threatened by the presence of the automobile and where pedestrians
will be exposed to a stimulating street life.
At the same time, we must be sensitive to the automobile and the essential
role it will play in getting people to and from Downtown in the short term.
Until a transit alternative has been developed to serve this need, parking is
an issue that must be aggressively addressed in Downtown. A coordinated
parking program to ensure that the current and future parking supply can be
optimally used to accommodate parking demand days, nights, weekends,
and for special events, and which complements public transit must be
developed. Parking must be provided for three categories of parkers:
Downtown workers who park their cars all day; workers who are in and out
of their cars and need parking close to their workplace; and temporary
parkers who need short-term parking close to their destinations.
In order to strike the delicate balance between parking needs, urban design,
and pedestrian -orientation, Downtown must have a combination of parking
garages and effective public transportation. Surface parking lots detract
from the entire look and feel of all utbau fuuu and are not effective in
allowing people to park near their destinations. Parking garages that blend
with their surroundings should be constructed as close to destination points
as possible.
Recommended Actions
• Continue the City's committment to fund Central Arkansas Transit
Authority (CATA) and provide future funding to implement Downtown
transit improvements.
• Include facilities for bicycles and transit in the design of structures,
narkino. and landsrane nrnierts
nmer lutea !ravel Center - Preliminary Elevation
Not To Scale
8 Downtown Little Rock
TRANSPORTATION
• Work in the long term to wean the Downtown
workforce from an over -reliance on on-site park-
ing for single -occupant commuter vehicles. Pro-
mote a pedestrian -oriented Downtown center with
a higher proportion of commuters relying on tran-
sit, van pools, rideshares, walking, bicycling, and
other alternatives to private automobile.
• Develop and implement a coordinated parking
program for the Downtown area that emphasizes
parking garages rather than surface parking lots.
Develop an on-going program of promotion di-
rected toward reversing the perception of parking
shortage and asserting availability and conve-
nience. !
• Establish a transportation management program
with a public and private commitment td encour-
age use of mass transit services. Promote tech-
hiques to increase use of alternative programs,
such as encouraging large-scale development to
provide a transportation manager in charge of
carpool, vanpool, and bus utilization programs.
• Adopt a new zoning ordinance that would revise
the number of parking spaces required in new
Downtown developments.
• Promote adaptive reuse of buildings by eliminat-
ing the parking requirement for development.
• Reserve on -street metered parking spaces for short-
term parkers. Meter rates and fines for over -
parking must be maintained at a level that discour-
ages all -day use. If all -day parkers find it less
expensive (even with a fine) to park on the street
rather than in a pay lot, they will occupy an on -
street space, leaving short-term parkers with few
alternatives.
• Consider implementing a tourist attraction bus
route that would operate during the heaviest tour-
ist months.
• Develop and implement a sidewalk improvement plan for the Down-
town area and enforce the city's existing ordinances requiring property
owners to maintain sidewalks in good condition. Develop a systematic
program to replace all exposed aggregate sidewalks and make it illegal
to construct any new ones.
• Develop and implement a coordinated streetscape program that will
provide pcdrstrian amenities including street trees, public spaces,
benches, public art, street lighting, and attractive sidewalks.
Proposed Alignment ojFixed Transit
Not To Scale
Framework for the Future o
TRANSPORTATION
• Adopt an ordinance which ensures street corner radii in Downtown will
remain pedestrian oriented, not automobile oriented. Downtown's
grid -type street networUs functional for both pedestrians and automo-
biles and should remain that way.
• Explore the possibilities to change as many one-way streets as possible
to two-way.
• Ensure signage throughout Downtown is consistent and legible.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) with the next
State legislature. TIF funds, in addition to other innovative financing
mechanisms, are needed to help fund a wide variety of Downtown
public projects, including public streetscaping projects and transporta-
tion projects.
• Establish a pedestrian friendly no right turn on red zone in the central
business district.
• Link the Presidential Library with other activity generators via a fixed
route transit system.
• Consider an all -walk pedestrian phase at certain key intersections.
• Develop a policy that permits angle parking on sonic streets.
• Designate bus stops with better "no parking" enforcement.
• Make Downtown pedestrian and public transit -friendly through various
design techniques.
• Establish a fund to be used for Downtown improvements by dedicating
revenues from parking meters and fines.
• Allow in lieu contributions for parking and the contributions could fund
more desirable parking facilities.
10 Downtown Little Rock
LAND USE AND ZONING
Land Use and Zoning determine the pattern of development. The mix of
uses is an important tool toward creating an attractive urban environment.
Uses that can share customerslclienls help the success ofall. Itis important
that uses that lake away from the vitality of the area be discouraged.
Regulations as part of zoning can be designed to encourage development
that is more pedcstrian-friendly, Signregulation, how the building is sited,
the visual impact on the street, and sidewalks are all addressed through
zoning regulations, These regulations are designed to protect properly
owners from nuisances and create a more attractivc, livable Downtown.
A vital Downtown has a wise variety of uses. This mix creates a 24-hour
use, a desire to locate in Downtown, and a perceived vitality. One of the
key items that should be included in the Ihnd use regulation is the urban
design or strcciscape elements of Downtown. 'there has been a strong
desire to reduce the auto dominance and suburban standards of develop-
ment. Downtown can only be a viable place if it is allowed to be as it was
originally designed.
Recommended Actions
• Preserve and enhance the unique character of Downtown.
• Encourage the development and redevelopment of vacant property.
• Encourage mixed uses throughout Downtown.
• Prohibit the construction of additional drive-through facilities in Down-
town.
• Develop a Presidential Library zoning category and develop a plan to
ensure that development in the surrounding, area is compatNe in the
Presidential Library area.
• Adopt a new land use plan and zoning districts that encourages mixed
uses and residential uses Downtown.
• Reduce the auto oriented uses Downtown.
• Reduce the obstacles to development/redevelopment of Downtown.
• Encourage a use mix more friendly to pedestrian and 24 hour use.
• Integrate transportation and land use decisions.
• Identify key areas of Downtown for residential development.
• Encourage uses that provide necessary services and goods for Down-
town residences.
Framework for the Future 11
LAND USE AND ZONING
Olin
gill
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MAN
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s
Proposed Zoning Plan
Not To Scale
The above map shows the recommended zoning pattern. "MXL" and
"MXH" are new zoning classifications designed to encourage a more
traditional urban development pattern. See appendices for definitions of
classifications.
12 Downtown Little Rock
LAND USE AND ZONING
ra •
IF M
##M
■###f# ' `illi' I
The above map shows the recommended land use pattern. The "Fl" near the
river represents the general location of the Clinton Presidential Library
site. "MX/Urban" is anew category designed to promote a more traditional
form of development with mixed uses of residential, office and commer-
cial. See appendices for definitions of classifications.
Framework for the Future
13
Proposed Land Use Plan
Nor To Scale
PUBLIC SAFETY
Workers, residents, and visitors to Downtown should feel personally comfortable
and safe as they go about their daily activities. Further, there should beconfidence
thatone's car or other personal property will remain secure. Such a comfort level
can be enhanced by more pedestrians on the street, by a sense that people care about
what is happening around them, and by a police presence that demonstratu that
attention or assistance is always nearby.
People's perception of security is as important as the reality. Singular and isolated
incidents of personal property damage or theft, or of personal safety problems, are
quickly communicated by word of mouth, and can become a common perception of
the characterofan area. The community should constantly work to improve the
image and reality ofpublic safety throughout Downtown.
Recommended Actions
Bicye•lePolice Officers • Reduce the perceived threat ofcrime from the Downtown area. Personaland
property safety should be a real and perceived advantageofliving, working, or
visiting Downtown.
• Implement design standards to reduce areas conducive to crime occurrence. The
correct lighting, greenery, and lack of hiding places or isolated areas all work
together to create a safe and secure environment for workers, residents, and
visitors.
• Use Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) criteriawhen
streetscapes and other public access areas are redeveloped. Lighting at the
pedestrian level is important.
All 1Ati . �I TR I
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�, -���•ate
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+ i r1 r 1� 1!1 gid
• Include security programs as part of the Downtown parking
program. Parking attendants, service, and maintenance per-
sonnel should be part ofthe security network.
• Secure vacant buildings. Vacant buildings must be kept
completely secure, clean, and neat. Ordinances and codes
should be strengthened to enforce this objective.
• IlighlightasafeDowntownenvironntcnithroughbusiness
advertisingand promotional materials.
• Develop a "zero tolerance" policy about people that misuse
or conduct inappropriate activities in the parks, plazas. and
other public spaces. Ifnceded, adopt ordinances or regulations
that protect peoples' rights to visit parks for intended uses, while
giving officials the needed authority to evict activities that
distract from intended uses.
• Work with Downto«nbusiness organizations and residential
groups to provide public education about protection from
various aspects ofcriminal activity, establish Downtown crime
watch programs, and establish better communication between
merchants- residents_ and the Ci Iv nn these iggueg
River Market Police Sub-slation
14 Downtown Little Rock
N
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PUBLIC SAFETY
Workers, residents, and visitors to Downtown should feel personally comfortable
and safe as they go about their daily activities. Further, there should beconfidence
thatone's car or other personal property will remain secure. Such a comfort level
can be enhanced by more pedestrians on the street, by a sense that people care about
what is happening around them, and by a police presence that demonstratu that
attention or assistance is always nearby.
People's perception of security is as important as the reality. Singular and isolated
incidents of personal property damage or theft, or of personal safety problems, are
quickly communicated by word of mouth, and can become a common perception of
the characterofan area. The community should constantly work to improve the
image and reality ofpublic safety throughout Downtown.
Recommended Actions
Bicye•lePolice Officers • Reduce the perceived threat ofcrime from the Downtown area. Personaland
property safety should be a real and perceived advantageofliving, working, or
visiting Downtown.
• Implement design standards to reduce areas conducive to crime occurrence. The
correct lighting, greenery, and lack of hiding places or isolated areas all work
together to create a safe and secure environment for workers, residents, and
visitors.
• Use Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) criteriawhen
streetscapes and other public access areas are redeveloped. Lighting at the
pedestrian level is important.
All 1Ati . �I TR I
i1� ieii � t
�, -���•ate
iii
P _ 1
+ i r1 r 1� 1!1 gid
• Include security programs as part of the Downtown parking
program. Parking attendants, service, and maintenance per-
sonnel should be part ofthe security network.
• Secure vacant buildings. Vacant buildings must be kept
completely secure, clean, and neat. Ordinances and codes
should be strengthened to enforce this objective.
• IlighlightasafeDowntownenvironntcnithroughbusiness
advertisingand promotional materials.
• Develop a "zero tolerance" policy about people that misuse
or conduct inappropriate activities in the parks, plazas. and
other public spaces. Ifnceded, adopt ordinances or regulations
that protect peoples' rights to visit parks for intended uses, while
giving officials the needed authority to evict activities that
distract from intended uses.
• Work with Downto«nbusiness organizations and residential
groups to provide public education about protection from
various aspects ofcriminal activity, establish Downtown crime
watch programs, and establish better communication between
merchants- residents_ and the Ci Iv nn these iggueg
River Market Police Sub-slation
14 Downtown Little Rock
N
PUBLIC SAFETY
• Consideralternative methods ofpol ice patrols (mounted, bicycle or foot) tohclp
create a sense ofsecurity.
Framework for the Future
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Streetscape With Pedestrian Scaled Lighting
15
Kenovalecl /NNOv C'uurlhourc
HISTORIC PRESERVATION
The historic character of Downtown should be respected and preserved as a
unique, viable, and irreplaceable community asset. I listoric and archilecturall}'
signilieanl builJingsanJ placesshuulJ bcprrservcJ, reslureJ,and rehabililaleJ
because they provide Downtown with a human scale, an historic identity, a
special character, and an architectural integrity that can not be reproduced. _
Historic resources are the cornerstones of the city's identity. Downtowns that
offer a mix of old and new buildings reflect a sense of progress tempered by the
continued utilization ofhistoric structures. Infill and new development should
respect the existing scale, style, and character of the surrounding historic
buildings.
Recommended Actions
• Create a public/privaledowntownmanage mententityorexpand the existing
Downtown Partnership. Thep rimary responsibility ofthe entity will be to
implemenl a downtown plan. An experienced, community -oriented staff
needs to be hired and ILnding conunilmenls prom both public and private
sources need to be obtained.
• Preserve Downtown's unique architectural and urban character. Preserve
IM 'Id'
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a w mgsoil orcligiblefortheNationalRegisterofHistoric
Places, as well as other important examples ofhistoric styles.
• Provide local incentives to restore economic feasibility for
adaptive use ofhistoric properties.
• Develop a mechanism to assist in matching potential develop-
ers with buildings appropriate to their needs.
. Maintain a database ofrenovation candidates, Informationin
the database could include building plans and drawings, basic
building statistics, history narrative, photographs, utility infor-
mation, and specific historic preservation incentives and other
financial assistance available.
• Protect the MacArthur Park Historic District by enacting ,
zoning that reflects its low density land use and wi ll discourage
density increases and conversion ofsingle-family tomulli-family
ornon-residential conversions %tiilhin the Historic District.
Provide tax credits on the full value ofhistoric buildings to
encourage rehabilitation ofexisting buildings,
• Adopt alternalivebuildingcodes for renovation ofspace
Rermvalud KranierSchool above commercial establishments for housing or office uses. Use these
spaces is important to enhance the economic viability ofhistoric structures.
• Providea I 0 -year tax credit forqualified renovations to historic properties.
• Encourage the donation of fagade easements.
• Analyze structures in the Presidential Library area forhistorical significance
and incorporate structures into final plan.
• Encourage reuse of Choctaw Train Station as possible fixed transit
station.
16 Downtown Little Rock
HISTORIC PRESERVATION
• Promote awareness of Downtown's historic resources by developing
and supporting programs that explain and promote historic resources.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) with the next
State legislature. TIF funds, in addition to other innovative financing
mechanisms, are needed to help fund a wide variety of Downtown
public projects, including historic preservation projects.
• Initiate Downtown being in the Main Street program.
• Establish a fund that is designated for historic preservation in the
Downtown area and utilize a dedicated source of revenues to support
the fund.
• Change city codes to incorporate adaptive use of historic structures and
take into account sprcjPre issues such as parking, code requirements,
pern7itting, and design.
Framework for the Future
Reslauranl/Lounge In Restored Building
17
URBAN DESIGN
Many American cities have learned in recent years that building an attrac-
tive urban environment is a necessary part of successful city redevelop-
ment. Piecemeal improvements to individual properties are not enough; all
development needs to be tied together into a coherent cityscape, a charac-
teristic mix of buildings, open spaces, and public monuments that embod-
ies the spirit of a city.
A carefully formulated urban design plan is the key to successfully weaving high-
quality new developments and renovations into Downtown's cityscape. The
overall goal is to produce an attractive, livable Downtown environment that
fulfills both broad community needs and the economic objectives of all parties.
Design guidelines and district development plans are the tools of an urban design
plan, spelling out desirable design elements, illustrating their use, and broadcast-
ing a clear signal to developers about the kind of development Little Rock
wants.
The design guidelines are criteria for the entire Downtown and describe the
preferred location ofbui (ding uses, the kinds ofpubl is spaces and pedestrian
access desired, appropriate building scale and materials, and methods to best
orient buildings to the street.
District dcvcIopmcnt plans arc more specific, establishing the development
criteria for any given site within adish ict. The Iayuut ufstreets, buildings, public
spaces, and parking facilities for the entire district are part of a site plan.
Specific recommendations about land use, buiIding height and character, and
desired architectural features are provided for each street, fleshing out the
individual characteristics unique to each Downtown district. Downtown must
not try to mimic other cities, but must reinforce its own uniqueness.
Recommended Actions
• Develop a comprehensive urban design plan and require that new
development and renovations adhere to the plan by implementing a
design review process. The urban design plan should address the
following issues: pedestrian relationship to buildings; relationship to
existing development; sidewalk areas and open space; landscaping,
planters, and irrigation; lighting; hardscape, including paving and
curbing; and pedestrian amenities including details such as benches,
trash receptacles, bus shelters, kiosks, artwork, gateways, and signage.
• Adopt a zoning ordinance that will implement the urban design plan.
• Upgrade the architectural quality ofncw buildings, especially at street level.
Strive for excellence and high quality in the design of new buildings and
public places.
• Prevent renovations to Downtown buildings that seal up storefronts and
windows ordetract from the building's architectural style.
18 Downtown Little Rock
URBAN DESIGN
• Communicate preferred design treatments to developers and property
owners.
• Encourage City review of the designs of all State and Federal buildings
or the incorporation of design standards by the appropriate governmen-
tal agencies.
• Provide for the comfort, safety, and convenience of pedestrians. Ensure
the pedestrian network is accessible to the elderly and handicapped.
• Widen sidewalks throughout Downtown, especially adjacent to major
pedestrian streets. The minimum national standard for Downtown
sidewalk width is 15 feet, but this does not provide ample space for a
consistent pattern of benches, trees, art, and other amenities or for
merchant display or a'comfortable sidewalk cafe.
• Provide incentives for developers to include pedestrian improvements
as part of redevelopment projects. '
• Encourage the design of the Presidential Library to interact with the
surrounding neighborhood and the River Market District.
• Unite Downtown visually by employing a uniformity of streetlights,
pavement treatments, bus stops, and other street amenities of street
corridors.
• Maintain a balance of cars and people that ensures Downtown will be
a pedestrian -friendly city and easy to travel through by car.
• Provide locations for people to sit together, talk to and watch each
other, areas for the community to assemble, and small corners for
spontaneous happenings.
• Keep the public spaces, streets, and sidewalks clean.
• Study the feasibility ofplacing above ground utility lines underground.
• Establish an incentive program to encourage replacement of building
facades that are incompatible with the desired character of the area.
• Provide in-house design services to assist small businesspersons in
renovation and redevelopment projects. This position would be located
within the proposed Downtown Management Entity.
• Require parking decks to have a ground floor use, other than parking,
or the ability to convert the ground floor to a use when demand
warrants.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) with the next
State legislature. TIF funds, in addition to other innovative Financing
mechanisms, are needed to help fund a wide variety of Downtown
public projecis,including urban design projects.
• Designs of building and other physical features need to be sensitive to
pedestrians and safety concerns.
Framework for the Future
Streeiscape With -in Historic Disirici
19
IMAGE/VITALITY
Downtown should appeal as an exciting place to live or visit. Cultivating a
positive image of Downtown in the minds of both residents and visitors is of
immeasurable importance. Focused,coordinated, and intensive management of
the Downtown environment must be a top priority. Such strong and visible
commitment is crucial to ensure that Downtown remains an attractive and
desirable place to work, shop, live, and visit. The impressions visitors and
residents have of Downtown are shaped by the quality and quantity ofamenities
and conveniences provided to the pedestrian and by the cleanliness of the
streets, sidewalks, and parks. Impressions of security and comfort, and the
level ufcate and concern a community shows for Its entire population are also
important.
Recommended Actions
• Create apublic/private downtown management entity or expand theexisting
Downtown Partnership. The primary responsibility of the entity will be to
implement a downtown plan. An experienced, community -oriented staff
needs to be hired and funding commitments from both public and private
sources need to be obtained.
• Promote and expand facilities, programs, and events that reinforce Down -
Q.
r
},_ h. W� yyMdei y,: `]�{`ll,ipi //�.yJ-1 �1�■j[{M�V4 u;+ },j`F[�v,yy;�
�.Z.Ix�+a,. 'riF: .. *A 1•� (%�p {��'�I�d°""' RAF
1 ��f
DecurutAr Arts Museum
20
town as the center forculture and entertainment in the region.
• Dcvclopamarkctingprogramfor powutuwu.
• Establish an arts and entertainment district.
• Coordinate marketing plans for special cultural and enter-
tainmentactivities.
• Attract additional live theaterand performing arts groups
to Downtown.
• Attract DOR ntown employees and residents to cultural
events and enlerlainment spots.
• Encourage young arts organizations to perform, exhibit,
and locale their offices Downtown.
• Expand and promote educational facilities and opportuni-
ties in Downtown.
• Attract more conventions and trade shows to the Con-
vention Center.
o Promote the placement of public art throughout Down-
town by both public and private entities. Develop a program
to coordinate locations, promote donations and funding, and
acquire artwork for Downtown. Consider implementing an
"Adopt -A -Sculpture" program or require a percentage of new construction
value to be used for public art.
• Develop programs to promote, encourage, and assist in the creation of
affordable artist housing and studio space within and near Downtown.
• Develop an annual Mayor's Award program promoting private contribu-
tions to public art and design.
Downtown Little Rock
IMAGENITALITY
• Capitalize on the Presidential Library to spur re-devclopmenlofthe Down-
town area.
• Encourage sidewalk and plaza cafes and street vendors to help enliven
public open spaces and provide a measure of security and control.
These uses should be encouraged where appropriate with proper licens-
ing and regulation to ensure that location, maintenance, character, and
hours of operation are appropriate within their immediate locaton.
• Link Downtown activity points.
• Encourage community involvement in developing and improving
Downiown's environment through various means including "Friends-
of-the-Park" programs, provisions for Rowerboxes and sidewalk plant-
crs, community street tfoc planting efforts, and landscape gardening in
vacant, undeveloped, or underutilized lots.
• Implement an aggressive maintenane'e program that includes street
cleaning, garbage pickup, and sidewalk and pothole repairs. Establish
a high public profile team of workers whose year-round responsibilities
would keep Downtown looking good and functioning well. The team
would perform a variety of functions such as light cleaning, repairs of
bench slats and lamp lenses, painting, landscape care, litter removal,
and security.
• Encourage property uwncrs to maintain their slorcrronis and buildings
to help present the image Downtown would like to convey.
• Expand and promote residential options in Downtown.
Framework for the Future 21
RIVER
MARKET
D I S T R I C T
22
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Without economic development the Downtown will continue to lose ser-
vices and market shares to other sections of the metropolitan area. Iden-
tification of the various economic roles Downtown can play is important.
What part Downtown will play in the metropolitan market as well as more
'local' economic and business services must be identified and encouraged.
Downtown's economic policies directly affect decisions that impact future
development. Programs, policies and incentives that encourage retention
and expansion of existing business need to be developed. Once these
programs, policies and incentives are developed; public and private invest-
ment can then be strategically focused within Downtown.
The economic climate of Downtown impacts land use and future develop-
ment. In a healthy economy, the existing downtown retail and office
structures are occupied and functioning. During an economic slow -down,
there are increasing numbers of unoccupied retail and office space and new
construction slows. It is during an economic recession that downtown
economic policies are particularly important.
Recommended Actions
• Create a public/private downtown management entity or expand the
existing Downtown Partnership. The primary responsibility of the
entity will be to implement a downtown plan. An experienced, commu-
nity -oriented staff needs to be hired and funding commitments from
both public and private sources need to be obtained.
• Develop a specific Downtown business development strategy to rellect
recent improvements to Downtown and to reflect the new action plan
that will further reinforce Downtown as an excellent place for invest-
ment, business, institutions, and government. Components of the
business development strategy should include: an updated Downtown
marketing message that states the advantages of Downtown, an identi-
fication of target markets, a clarification of the specific roles for the
Chamber of Commerce, the Downtown Partnership, Downtown own-
ers/developers, the City, and others; and active and reactive marketing
activities.
• Conduct an active campaign to market Downtown development sites
and business opportunities.
• Encourage local realtors to show potential tenants and residents Down-
town locations. Educate realtors about the advantages of living and
doing business in Downtown.
• Attract new investors and businesses to Downtown through targeted
recruitment and education.
• Capitalize on the Presidential Library to spur re -development of the
Downtown area.
Downtown Little Rock
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
• Develop incentives and strategies to keep existing busi-
nesses Downtown and encourage new businesses to
locate Downtown.
• Maintain accurate information on Downtown's office,
retail and residential space, employment, business and
development trends, the region's labor force, housing
costs, quality of life, and overhead costs for Downtown
office space. This information is crucial forselling Down-
town to new developers, site selectors, and tenants and
should be collected and published regularly.
• Establish a business incubator program to encourage
start-up and small business in Do%%ntown.
• Attract major go,,�ernmcmal,cultural, educational, enter-
tain men t, recreation, retail,and employmbnt anchors that
will enhance Downtown as the preeminent business and
cultural center ofthe region.
• Ensure Downtown remains the focus area for Federal,
State, County and local government administration and
service functions.
• Improve Downtown's competitive advantage as an of-
fice location, taking into consideration convenience (ac-
cess to parking, availability of professional and con-
sumer services), the quality of the environment, and
business costs.
• Develop a niche retail market that will attract Downtown
employees and residents and will drawcustomers from
throughout the region. Identify incentives and induce-
ments to assist new Downtown retailing and retain exist-
ing retail operations.
• Coordinate the store hours, promotions, and advertising
ofall Downtown retailers.
Redevelopment Of Existing Downtown Business
Union Station - A Mix OJOff ce, Shops And Museum
Framework for the Future 23
x
f �h
�
-
r{��I.
All
•{s
, 1.1
4 �ilSf�-+��!w•-+-
it �..'i
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Union Station - A Mix OJOff ce, Shops And Museum
Framework for the Future 23
Public Open Space
24
PUBLIC SPACES/OPEN SPACE
Public spaces promote human comfort and safety, accommodate and en-
courage diverse activities, and are located in relation to their activities and
pedestrian circulation patterns. They should be full of people and exhibit
the vitality and excitement of being Downtown. Donntown is viable to the
extent that these public spaces and open spaces are used and enjoyed
Connecting various open spaces. the pedestrian sidet%alk areas throughout
the Downtown are important threads that tic the open spaces and the built
environment together. Downtown demands a safe, pleasant and vibrant
Pedestrian environment to encourage retention and recruitment of busi-
nesses, employees, residents, customers, and visitors.
Open spaces in Downtown are made up of a variety of large and small
publicly accessible spaces, as well as the network ofstrests and sidewalks
that tie these areas together with other Downtown activities. These open
spaces form the gathering places where people dovvnto�vn come together
and interact. The livability. of Downtown is mirrored in the character and
quality of its public and open spaces.
Recommended Actions
• Considea developing a City Ilall Annex in the vicinity of the current
City hall and ensure that the new and current buildings are developed
as focal points of Downtown. Downtown must remain the focus arca for
government administration and service functions.
• Develop an open space system throughout Downtown, which provides
high quality parks, plazas, and pedestrian amenities.
• Link large and small open spaces within Downtown by designating and
enhancing priority sidewalks. Crosswalks along these priority routes
should be well defined and should clearly suggest a pedestrian pres-
ence.
Develop a program to improve landscaping and pcdcstrian amenities
throughout Downtown, including enhancing accessible open spaces
and providing street trecs, planters, landscaping, ornamental lighting,
public art, and street furnishings such as seating and trash receptacles.
. Consider implementing an "Adopt -A -Block" program to assist with
strectscape maintenance.
• Encourage sidewalk and plaza cafes and street vendors to help enliven
public open spaces and provide a measure of security and control.
These uses should be encouraged where appropriate with proper licens-
ing and regulation to ensure that location, maintenance, character, and
hours of operation are appropriate within their immediate location.
• Encourage the design of the Presidential Library to be integrated into
the existing Riverfront Park / chain of parks concept.
Downtown Little Rock
PUBLIC SPACES/OPEN SPACE
• Identify at least one block in or adjacent to the core area that can be
acquired and developed into a landscaped park with water features and
seating.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) with the next
State legislature. TIF funds arc imperative for helping to fund a wide
variety of Downtown public projects, including open space projects,
• Study opportunities to create a government plaza as proposed by John
Nolen in 1913.
Proposed Marina Plan
Not To Scale
Framework for the Future 25
0
.y
O `
�• rr i..4 41,InF RrY� .. ,..
•..-• -- - .�� 41r,
—
6
Markham t.
_»--•""` Presidential
Library Area
River root Park ttlarinaI Concept
Preliminary
Prelinlina
p
Proposed Marina Plan
Not To Scale
Framework for the Future 25
E -h.- non-hixrnri xirucrurex for
f.•whlr Ganse parkNy Iru exy +n.rrn.
irjw Wmdland r:
CONSERVATORY
--Main Entry
-.fill( Shnp
le-n..ng�.mm� i:ankn�
DOCK
.-Canon
PUBLIC SPACES/OPEN SPACE
�° •• �/ F P ode Crnsmdr � � Pt,rrrnonA �
FOR IAL LAN
--Arkansas Am Crniu Recepians
r f I »A.Mal leremenles
•.Ikar0Fra,
-''+ Irnv.r rardrn
� Vcgciaiian buffer w Mock view
m law Schaal.
�4
TENSILE STRUCTURE.
MPF `
• ,r
--Shakespeam in ibe Park
'(
t
,–I
/ Formal Rose Garden
L
�
y� F
Yr.
- .�A• Iwp
4si:; sj _'. A it deviled V—oftitnarc im
-''+ Irnv.r rardrn
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�4
TENSILE STRUCTURE.
MPF `
ti
--Shakespeam in ibe Park
i F�.YlST1Nf. f'n1'lllt �_�
�r
Proposed MacArthur Park Botanical Garden
26 r Downtown Little Rock
INFRASTRUCTURE
Infrastructure includes community services, fire and police protection, the
provision of water and electricity, the removal of wastewater, the street
system and sanitation. In Downtown, unlike some areas of the city, most
of the infrastructure has been in place for many decades and is showing
signs of deterioration. Problems will arise as the deterioration progresses
and pieces of the infrastructure must be replaced (streets, curbs, gutters,
water mains, sewer lines). Additionally, the existing facilities must be
upgraded as new development or technologies are introduced and the
demand increases. Innovative mechanisms for financing public services
and infrastructure should be explored and implemented where appropriate.
Focused and coordinated *nTanagement of the Downtown infrastructure
must be a top priority. A strong and visible commitment is crucial to ensure
that Downtown remains an attractive and desirable place to work, shop,
live and visit. The impressions visitors and residents have of a downtown
are shaped by the quality and quantity of amenities and conveniences
provided to the pedestrian and by the cleanliness of the streets and
sidewalks.
Recommended Actions
• Create a publiclprivate do\trtiown management entity or expand the existing
Downtowm Partnership. The primary responsibility of the entity will be to
implement a downtown plan. An experienced, community•oricnted staff
needs to be hired and funding commitments from both public and private
sources need to be obtained.
• Establish guidelines forthe future development and maintenance of infrastruc-
turc in Downtown.
• Study the feasibility of placing above ground utility lines underground.
• Ensure the City commits a portion of its capital budgeteachyeartowardcapital
improvements in Downtown.
• Develop and implement a sidewalk improvement plan for the Downtown area.
• Conduct a drainage study for the Downtown area and correct any deficiencies.
• Consider developing a City Hall Annex in the vicinity of the current City Hall
and ensure that the newand current buildings are developed as faral points of
Downtown. Downtown must remain the focus area for government adminis-
tration and service functions.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) with the next State
legislature. TIF funds are imperative for helping to fund a wide variety of
Downtown public projects, including infrastructure projects.
• Dedicate now taxes irrevocably for infrastructure improvements.
Framework for the Future
27
.t r�
'x
i
'rt
?say. tmay,
G . Pr"
,� •.►�S? -, s Yr s,..v�, .. ��,r�ar4sac. �.:
27
TOURISM
The importance of Downtown as a tourist attraction has increased consid-
erably in the last decade. The expansion of the Convention Center and the
Territorial Restoration, the renovation of the Statehouse, the River Market,
the Museum Center, the Amphitheater, Rivcrfront Park have done much to
increase the area's attraction of visitors.
n
Trapnall Hall - Governors Receiving Hall
plan OfSlalehouse Convention Center Expansion
Not To Stole
28
Tourism facilities in the area include hotels, landmarks,
historic sites, museums, visitor centers, retail stores,
cultural centers, sport facilities, conference centers and
restaurants, and the planned Presidential Library, This
makes a very good network of tourism facilities. Im-
provements should be undertaken that would make the
arca more attractive to tourists and connect points of
interest.
With the Alltel Arena and the Clinton Presidential Li-
brary, Downtown is well positioned to receive substan-
tial additional growth in the tourism industry. Such
growth, however, is not assured. Only with careful
planning and promotion and with the development of
adequate facilities will this industry realize continued
growth and yield a tremendous boost to the Downtown
economy.
Recommended Actions
• Create a public/private downtown management entity
or expand the existing Downtown Partnership. The
primary responsibility of the entity will be to implement
a downtown plan. An experienced, community -oriented
staff needs to be hired and funding commitments from
both public and private sources need to be obtained.
• Work with the Conventions and Visitors Bureau to
market and promote Downtown as a tourist destination.
Develop a directional and informational signage pro-
gram that provides a clear sense of orientation for the
visitor while also informing people of the diverse cul-
tural and historic fabric of Downtown.
• Develop a visitors program that includes Downtown
promotional brochures and maps, identifiable comfort
stations, and outdoor seating.
• Encourage the development of arts, cultural, and en-
tertainment facilities and activities in support of the
tourism and hospitality sector ofthe economy. Enhance
Downtown Little Rock
Riverfront Park
Excelesior
Existing*;
Hotel
••;•;•;•;•;•.
Statehouse
• �'•«••*«•*• �••
Convention
.�. Addition ;
Center
*.'*'.'.'.*.'.•.*:
.
plan OfSlalehouse Convention Center Expansion
Not To Stole
28
Tourism facilities in the area include hotels, landmarks,
historic sites, museums, visitor centers, retail stores,
cultural centers, sport facilities, conference centers and
restaurants, and the planned Presidential Library, This
makes a very good network of tourism facilities. Im-
provements should be undertaken that would make the
arca more attractive to tourists and connect points of
interest.
With the Alltel Arena and the Clinton Presidential Li-
brary, Downtown is well positioned to receive substan-
tial additional growth in the tourism industry. Such
growth, however, is not assured. Only with careful
planning and promotion and with the development of
adequate facilities will this industry realize continued
growth and yield a tremendous boost to the Downtown
economy.
Recommended Actions
• Create a public/private downtown management entity
or expand the existing Downtown Partnership. The
primary responsibility of the entity will be to implement
a downtown plan. An experienced, community -oriented
staff needs to be hired and funding commitments from
both public and private sources need to be obtained.
• Work with the Conventions and Visitors Bureau to
market and promote Downtown as a tourist destination.
Develop a directional and informational signage pro-
gram that provides a clear sense of orientation for the
visitor while also informing people of the diverse cul-
tural and historic fabric of Downtown.
• Develop a visitors program that includes Downtown
promotional brochures and maps, identifiable comfort
stations, and outdoor seating.
• Encourage the development of arts, cultural, and en-
tertainment facilities and activities in support of the
tourism and hospitality sector ofthe economy. Enhance
Downtown Little Rock
TOURISM
destination attractions that provide recreational, cultural, educational, and
retail shopping choices within Downtown.
• Enhance the waterfront as a destination attraction for residents, Down-
town employees, and tourists.
• Develop a coordinated and comprehensive lighting program Down-
town.
• Capitalize on the Presidential Library to spur tourism in the Downtown
area.
• Establish and maintain publicly accessible restrooms throughout Down-
town.
• Support the construction of an addi-
tional convention -quality hotel when
the convention ceater expansion is com-
plete.
• Pursue the passage of Tax Increment
Financing (TIF) with the next State leg-
islature. TIF funds are imperative for
helping to fund a wide variety of Down-
town public projects, including projects
to enhance tourism.
,f rKansas !erritortai Kesroration Master
Plan
Framework for the Future 29
SPECIAL CORRIDORS
The Corridors Study identifies six streets which collectively form a net-
work that unites the Downtown's centers ofeconomic activity and links its
currently disjointed districts. This corridors network can help spread the
development potential of individual sub -areas throughout Downtown by
improving access, by establishing a more visible and understandable
structure to the entire area, and by creating unique high quality urban
streetscapes with people -oriented amenities.
A corridor is a pathway for movement, as well as an inducement for
development. It links places where people want to be, and serves the
activities that are attracted by high volumes of traffic.
Most often, corridors have a rich heritage in terms of the growth of the city
over time and are the Iocation of many of its public and historic buildings.
This gives to the corridor a special civic significance that may be further
enhanced by commemorative monuments and public art contributed by
successive generations.
Corridors emphasize connections that can be physical, visual, and sym-
bolic, that can integrate the parts of the whole and establish links to areas
beyond.
The Corridors Study develops a rationale for directing public efforts and
investment in anticipation of a corresponding private response. It looks to
development incentives to pron,otc new investment coupted with design
guidelines and regulations to insure that each new project makes a positive
contribution to the long term goals of Downtown.
The corridors study envisions a grid of pedestrian -oriented, landscaped
streets that will serve to integrate Downtown and structure its future
growth.
Recommended Actions
• Designate six streets to comprise a Downtown corridors network: three
north -south streets -Main Street, Broadway Street and Chester Street; and
three east -west Street - Markham Street, Capitol Avenue, and Ninth Street.
• Direct public and private investment in these corridors to create area -wide
impacts and benefits.
• Promote a more extensive, more convenient, and safer pedestrian environ-
ment by reducing traffic speeds, curb cuts, and surfaceparking lots that front
major streets.
• Enhance the visual qualiticsof the corridors network by requiring continuous
buildi ng facades at the designated set back line, minimum building heights, and
underground utilities.
30 Downtown Little Rock
SPECIAL CORRIDORS
• Enhance the corridors beginning and ends by creating Gateways where the
north -south corridors connect to the City and special public spaces at the
terminus of the east -west corridors.
• Develop individual themes for the corridors which express and promote the
unique aspects of their roles and locations.
• Emphasize the civic nature of the corridors which express and promote the
unique aspects of their roles and locations.
• Design and implement a Downtown graphics plan focused on the corridors as
a means of exploring and way -finding for visitors to the City.
• Develop a high-quality strectscape environment by providing street trees
along the length of the corridors, developing tree -lined center medians on
Broadway Street and a portion of Chester Street, and utilizing existing public
open spaces. -
• Promote a lively street environment by encouraging uses that engage the
street, by requiring
building entrances to r '
face the street, and by �?
requiring facade treat-
ments that make the
interiors of buildings'
visible tostreettraffic
and vise verse. ' Zn f
• Explore the creation Yr �� - []:V
of a Statc\City part-
ncrship for the plan- ' �= +•�-�C� I T14 xJ
ningand development r� �` LSiJ
of Arkansas' own
Pennsylvania Avenue,[) R r
along Capitol Avenue. , Ew ~� ! �� L �f
• Encourage the partici-"-
ationofNorth Little
f c J�pr
Rock in ajoint corri-
dors network that}i-P�-
seeks to develop the
bridges as shared ele-
ments of special sig- Lr -J - i•
ni ficance and beauty.
• Insure that the poten-
tial values of corridor
a
development sites are
not squandered onr��,�J�
marginal projects by i , L4f ��f
establishing
velopme t�r
intens
dei- _�f l fl i �l 3
ties and building
forms.
Framework for the Future
31
Corridor Map
Not To Scale
32 Downtown Little Rock
Existing
Conditions
Framework for the Future 33
THE AREA
Downtown is the center of the Little Rock's metropolitan area. The area defined
for this study includes the office and government cores as well as an adjacent
residential areas (MacArthur Park Historic District and the Hanger Hill neighbor-
hood). The area is bounded on the north by the Arkansas River, on the south by,
Interstate 630, on (lie west by the Union Pacific railroad line and on the cast by the
Rock Island railroad line.
Downtown is no longer the retail hub for the metropolitan area, In fact, the retail
available downtown lends to be specialty businesses and fuod/eutcttaiwucut
related businesses. Downtown remains the majoroffice and financial centeras well
as the governmental center for the City, County and State.
As the metropolitan area has grown, new activity centers have developed through-
out the City. Some of these centers have replaced Downtown as the retail center.
Others have reduced Downtown's dominance as the office and business center.
Downtown remains the convention and visitors' center of the metropolitan area,
however new centers are developing in west Little Rock and other sectors. While
Downtown continues to dominate the office and financial market, Downtown is
searching for its place among the metropolitan activity centers.
i; ;! N4 Sr
Jij �'#A�J� rrljr'
YN
Win_ �� �� r4■rgr�ir— � � '���
f lrrrr+f r�i
rvor I o Scale
34 Downtown Little Rock
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
Downtown is an area of approximately two square miles in which over
3500 people live. The racial distribution of the city of Lit tie Rock is about
one third black and two thirds white. However, the Downtown area has an
even distribution (49.7% black and 49.4% while), The Hanger Hill
planning area is approaching 90 percent black. Downtown's average
household income is lower than the City's average household income as a
whole 65 percent of the households are low to moderate income. Over
40 percent of Downtown households have an income less than $10,000 and
another 43 percent have incomes from $10,000 to $30,000.
Cess than seven percent of houscholds in the Downtown area have incomes
over 550,000. While 22.2 -percent of all households in the City have
incomes over $50,000. These figures clearly demonstrate that households
within the Downtown area are.generally ldwer income. The income profile
is similar with or without the Hanger Hill planning area.
The average age of the Downtown resident is older than Pn the City Is, a
whole. The over 65 age group is double in the general population (12.6
Percent — City, 26.4 percent — Downtown),. While, the under 18 age
group represents a third of that in the general population (24.9 percent —
City, 8.2 percent -- Downtown). When including the area cast of 1-30, the
percentage of the population who are chiidren doubles while the percent-
agc of those over 65 drops by fivc percentage points.
The single person household is predominant with over 76 percent or
households' having only one person, compared with 32 percent or all
households in Little Rock. This high percentage with the high percentage
ofeldcrly and low percentage ofchildren indicates a special population ---
retired elderly. However it also may represent young singlesjust starting
households. When adding the area cast oft -30, one person households drop
to two-thirds ofall households, and single parent householdsjump Cram 3.5
percent to over 9 percent ofall households within the area. As the income
figures above show, these groups are often lower income.
The high number of rental units, almost 90 percent of the occupied units,
is consistent with these groups. Not only is the percentage of rental units
higher in Downtown, so is the number of units per building. Structures
with over 50 units per building represent 28 percent orall units Downtown
compared with 5.3 percent for the City. The one -unit structures represent
over 62 percent of all rental structures in the City and less than 10 percent
in Downtown. When the Hanger Hill planning area is added the owner
occupied units jump to 15 percent and the single unit structures rise to
almost 19 percent.
Framework for the Future
Population Characteristics
35
1990 Census
LR
Downtown
Downtown
Area
Race
White
1 64.7%
1 67.1%
1 49.4%
Black
1 34.0%
32.1%
Age
<18
24.9%
8.2%
17.5%
>64
1 12.6%
26.4%
20.6%
Household
I person
32.0% 1
76.2%
66.2%
1 parent
11.4%
3.6%
9.2%
Units
Owner
56.20/.
11.0%
1 Unit
62.4%
9.7%
1 18.9%
35
1990 Census
EXISTING LAND USE
Downtown is the office and government center for the City and State. The
thirty square block area from Markham Street to 7th Street and Broadway
Street to Scott Street is the office core. This area has several high-rise
office buildings, parking decks and no residential uses. i'he convention
and visitors' area is to the north of the office core. This area includes hotels
and meeting halls.
The area west of Broadway Street has a scattering of small office buildings,
Cily-State-Fedcral office buildings and a scattering of smaj] commercial
businesses. There are a few residential structures scattered throughout this
area. Most of the residential structures are multifamily units. The State
Capitol Complex is west of Woodlane Street however, State offices can be
found throughout the Downtown area.
Commercial use within Downtown is generally support in nature— restau-
rants and small specialty shops. Three areas have a concentration of
commercial: 7th Street, Main Street and East Markham Street. Other
commercial uses are scattered throughout Downtown.
South of 7th Street and west of Main Street are located several warehouses,
heavy auto repair and light industrial uses. The area south of 6th Street and
east of I-30 is predominantly warehouse and highway commercial. The
Cantrell Road/Ciuss Street area In the western section of Downtown also
has some of these uses.
There are two residential areas — MacArthur Park neighborhood and
Hanger Hill neighborhood. MacArthur Park neighborhood is generally
east of Scott Street and south of 6th Street. This southeast section of
Downtown is predominantly a mix of single family and multifamily uses.
Within this area is MacArthur Park and several museums. The Hanger Hill
area is generally south of 9th Street and east of I-30. There is one
multifamily area that is surrounded by a mix of single family and duplex
units.
The map on the next page generalizes land use based on dominant land use
patterns per one-half block. See appendices for definitions.
36 Downtown Little Rock
EXISTING LAND USE
ARA
i
•
S
ti
�,.
� l
t
r
4 Commercial
Public
Residential
:�.
Industrial
_ Office
Generalized Existing Land Use Plan
Not To Scale
Framework for the Future 37
EXISTING ZONING
Downtown is unique in that it has three different zoning ordinances: CLR
(Central Little Rock), Little Rock and Capital Zoning. CLR was put into
place in 1961 and generally is the east half of Downtown. Broadway Street
to 1-30 from the River to 15th Street is governed by the CLR regulations.
This ordinance was constructed as part of the urban renewal efforts of the
City. Thcrc are five main zoning areas within the CLR area. Twu areas are
zoned PI — Public and Institutional. They are along the river and
MacArthur Park. Both are recreational and have museums and/or meeting
halls. There is one residential area generally east of Scott Street and south
of Capitol Avenue. This area is zoned HDR — High Density Residential.
To the west and south are two areas of a dozen or more blocks zoned GB
— General Business. This zoning encourages a mix of commercial uses
with some office. The remaining area is zoned M — Metrocentre, and is
an office and commercial area.
The second zoning area is governed by the Little Rock Zoning Ordinance.
There are two areas governed by this ordinance — the area between Cross
Street and Broadway Street, and the area east of I-30. Generally speaking
in the area between Cross Street and Broadway Street, north of 4th Street
is zoned industrial and south of4th Street is zoned commercial. The zoning
classifications are mostly 'I2' light industrial and 'C4' open display
commercial. North of Cantrell Road is a mix of categories including
industrial, office and residential. As for the area east of 1-30, south of 8th
Street is zoned industrial (12 R 13) with an 'R4' duplex zone south of 9th -
Street.
The third zoning area is west of Cross Street. This area is governed by the
Capital Zoning Ordinance and regulated by the State. There are two
general types of zoning: east of the Capitol grounds is zoned commercial;
and a small area south of 7th Street, west of Schiller Street is zoned
industrial.
The map on the next page generalizes zoning based on dominant zoning
patterns per one-half block. See appendices for definitions.
38 Downtown Little Rock
EXISTING ZONING
ARKANSAS
Airs
VE
IR
tri
12 9
"Cd - PI! iPI i
D u -
_,s
Capitol Zoning District -� HD03
R 12
Little Rockf ,+=,',,
-Zoning ' ` !' +: P1
-Ordinance r �'
"CLRff Pa
Iz
Central Little Rock
y1.101 s rl
Little Rock
Zoning Ordinance
Generalized Erisling Zoning Plan
Not To Scale
Framework for the Future 39
40
CIRCULATION
Streets: Downtown is a grid street system; thus movement around Downtown is
fairly easy. One-way streets do produce some inconvenience in the Downtown.
The river, I-30,1-630 and the main Union Pacific line, also bound the area. This
limits the connections to the surrounding neighborhoods via bridges or under-
passes.
Interstates 30 and 630 provide Downtown with easy access to the region. There aro
seven interchanges along the Interstates to provide access. Both Interstates are six
lanes through Downtown providing more capacity. Additionally, Broadway Street
and Cantrell Road provide north -south and west access. Both of thescroads are part
of the State Highway system and arc classified as principal ancrials.
Third Street and the Louisiana/Scott Street one way couplet are pan of the arterial
system and provide connections to other sections of the metropolitan area. The
collector system is very dense in Downtown. West of Main Street: 2nd, 4th, 6th,
7th,8th, 9th Streets and Capitol Avenue are col Icciors. East ofMain Street; 3rd, 61h
and 9th Streets are collectors. CrossStrect, State Street. Center Street, Gaines Street
and Cumbcrland Street are northAouth collectors. Sincc Downtown is 'histori-
cally' the center, the road system is designed to get people and goods to and from
Downtown.
Transit[ Aswith the road system, the Central Arkansas Transit Authority System
(CATA) is designed to get people to Downtown. The bus system is radial,
Downtown to the outskirts and back, much like spokes of a wheel. Eight express'
routes and twenty-one regular routes converge on Downtown.
Currently the mayor transfer spot is the block bounded by Louisiana Street. 6th
Street. Capitol Avcnue and Center Street. CATA will construct a transfercenlcron
the block bounded by Rock Strcct, Cumberland Street, 4th Street and Capital
Avcnuc. This new facility will consolidate LATA services to the public in one
clearly identifiable transit structure. All bus routes will meet at the facility. The
completion date for the transfer station is expected to be late 1998. The re-
introduction of'strect cars' is also underway in Downtown.. The proposed streetcar
line will cross the rivcrandservethe newAlltelArena inNorth Little Rock, In Little
Rock, the line will serve the convention/tourist area along the river as well as the
County government offices.
Bicycles/Pedestrian: There are no existing bicycle paths in Downtown. However
the Master Bike Plan does propose Class 11 and Class III routes in Downtown and
serving Downtown from surrounding neighborhoods. The only walking path is in
Riverfronl Park.
Downtown Little Rock
!
CIRCULATION
r
�• z__
•' ARtGAi',,lSq�c Jr RIVER r
p++lir
,30
KEY
PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL ummum
MINORARTERIAI
COLLECTOR
11
ONE-WAY STREET
END ONE-WAY
Framework for the Future 41
Existing Circulation Map-
Not
apNor To scal4
MacARTHUR PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT
The original city plat contains several neighborhoods, of which MacArthur
Park neighborhood is one. Fashioned in the grid pattern, the Historic
District is Little Rock's earliest residential neighborhood and contains
numerous historic structures which represent a variety of architectural
styles. MacArthur Park comprises about 30 acres of open space and is
located along the Historic District's eastern boundary. The Historic
District is located in close proximity to Little Rock's central business
district, the Riverfront Park, the Central Arkansas
Library's new location at 2nd & Rock Streets and uther
Downtown revitalization efforts.
Mac'Armur Park Historic District
Not To Scale
42
The Historic District's boundaries are generally: Capitol
Avenue (north); I-30 (east); 15th Street (south); and
Scott Street (west). The area was designated a National
Register IIisloric District in 1977 and, in 1981, as a local
ordinance historic district by the City. Both designations
required in-depth research of the area's history, its archi-
tectural styles and a detailed survey of individual build-
ings. The designations also required several public hear-
ings.
An architectural survey of the Historic District listed a
total of266 structures, of which 187 are contributing, or
significant structures. The structures' dates of construc-
tion range from 1840 to 1930s and represent a variety of
architectural styles. Some of the earliest buildings are
Curran Ictal I, Fowler House and Trapnall Hall, which date
to early 1840. Greek Revival architectural styles are
represented as well as Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial
Revival and Craftsman.
Little Rock's historic preservation ordinance was adopted -
partly in response to preservation efforts to minimize
urban renewal's impact on the City's historical and at-'
chitectural resources. The ordinance states that, "as a
matter of public policy that the protection, enhancement,
perpetuation and use... of such areas... is a public
necessity and is required in the interest of the health,
prosperity, safety and welfare of the people." The
ordinance's purpose is to: protect and enhance the areas;
safeguard the City's historic, aesthetic and cultural heri-
tage; stabilize and improve property values; foster civic
pride; protect and enhance the City's attractions for
tourists; strengthen the City's economy; and promote
historic districts for the education, pleasure and welfare
of residents.
Downtown Little Rock
RIVER MARKET DISTRICT
The 1983 Downtown Little Rock Development Plan, which was estab-
lished by the Board of Directors in March 1983, first recoginized the East
Markham area as an entertainment district. Even 15 years ago, the City
recognized that older structures and warehouse buildings along East
Markham could be adaptively reused to provide retail establishments at
street level with loft space converted to office or residential uses at upper
levels. Future Little Rock targeted several goals oriented toward Down-
town:
• build on the strength of the Downtown, Arkansas River, Riverfront
Park and the cultural and civic institutions to improve the image of
Little Rock.
• support programs and activities that stabilize and improve all neigh-
borhoods especially East Little Rock and areas surrounding the
Downtown.
• fund construction or irriprovcmcnts to a multi-purpose event center.
• enhance the services ol" the Ccntral Arkansas Library System in order
to reach a level of services on part with its peer library group.
Out ofthese Fu lure Little Rock goals, the Ccntral Arkansas Library System
initiated the passage of increased millage for the library, and started
looking for a new home. The empty Fones Building, built to be a
warehouse, provided more than adequate space and the necessary struc-
tural requirements for the new library. Also, the City started to develop the
River Market complex: a mix of shops, vendors, ofCee and farmer's
market. The city wrote and adopted ordinance number 17,136 "River
Market District" in March 1996. With these anchors, the District is seeing
a revitalization of the area with new offices, eateries, galleries and muse-
ums.
The architecture of the area is composed of structures that were built as
either warehouse or storefront space. The Terminal Building -now the
Museum Center, and the Fones Building -now the Central Arkansas Library
System Main Library, were built as warehouses with easy access to rail
lines. Other buildings facing Markham were from two to four story
buildings built as storefronts. Four buildings in the River Market District
have been nominated and are now undergoing the process for inclusion on
the National Register of Historic Places.
The River Market Design Overlay District was adopted to "create a quality
mixture of commercial, office and residential uses that also have a festive
and pedestrian orientation. The District is to become a viable location for
businesses, cultural, residential and entertainment activities." The
ordinance's purpose is to "protect the District from the negative impact of
poorly planned or incompatible projects. Incompatible development has
the potential to destroy the attributes that will attract people to the Dis-
44 Downtown Little Rock
RIVER MARKET DISTRICT
trict." The District's boundaries are Second Street on the south and f-30
on the east. The other boundaries are Riverfront Park on the north and
Cumberland on the west.
Asa method of insuring quality development in the area, design guidelines
have been establishcu for the rep:,ir, maintenance, rehabilitation and
construction of structures located within the River Market District. These
guidelines were adopted as ordinance number 17,240 in July 1996. Gen-
erally, if a structure requires wnrk to the exterior, it is necessary to have
approval of the River Market Design lieviewCommittee. This committee
consists of three landowners within the District, a design professional and
n representative of the entity hired by the City to manage the River Market.
—up uj nivcr murnui ursrrrcr
Nor ro Scale
Framework for the Future 45
SIX BRIDGES DISTRICT
In connection with the Downtown Framework, much of the process has
Already begun for the establishment ofa "Six Bridges District", which will
tie Little hock to North Little stock. The Six -Bridges District involves the
area orthe two downtown's river fronts as defined and articulated by the six
downtown bridges that span the Arkansas River. These bridges are visual
as well as physical connections to the two banks and therefore form
important visual anchors to the large rarea of study. The six bridges consist
of three automobile bridges: Main Strect, Broadway, and 1-30; and three
railroad bridges: Baring Cross Bridge, ]unction Bridge, and Rock Island
Bridge..
The Six -Bridges District project is designed to study public security,
historic preservation, coordination of area events, and projected new
development. As a comprehensive case study, the Six -Bridges District
Project will include suggestions for urban design, governmental jurisdic-
tion, law enforcement, continued growth, historic conservation, coordi-
nated development and other methods for revitalizing the downtown areas'
river rronts. The intention orthis effort is to make the arena place orwhich
all central Arkansas can use and be proud.
Current developments underway in the Six -Bridges District include the
Little Rock River hiarkct, the Downtown Library, the Presidential Library,
the Old State House renovation, the North Little Rock Riverfront Park, and
the Alltel Arena. The shared bank of knowledge and commitment to a
better Downtown future -- from the community, government, and develop-
ers -- will in the long run prove to be the most valuable resource of all.
In order for the Six -Bridges District to achieve maximum effectiveness,.
People must feel safe to fully utilize the entertainment and business
districts of both downtowns'. Enforcing safety of automobile, river, and
pedestrian traffic is one issue, deterring crime is another. Lighting, open
space, and avoidance of planning that would create visually isolated
spaces, are all crucial elements in the safety appeal of the public use area
that lies within the Six-Bridgcs District. '
Futhermore, by establishing the historic preservation orthe older bridges,
it is possible to maintain the aesthetic integrity of the Six -Bridges District.
With a proposed light rail system, the riverbank from Union Station to the
future Presidential Library and across to the new Alitel Arena, would
become an easily -traversed and aesthetically wonderful ridc, with one
tourist destination after another along its route.
46 Downtown Little Rock
SIX BRIDGES DISTRICT
Atap of Six Bridges Dislri&
Not To &.k,
Framework for the Future 47
48 Downtown Little Rock
Appendices
Framework for the Future 49
ZONING CATEGORIES
Capitol Zoning District:
A / B Commercial
Allows for single and two-family residential, professional
and general offices and quiet businesses. i
C Commercial
Allows for single and two-family residential; hotel, motel
and amusement; professional and general offices;
consumer goods and services; and quiet businesses.
D Industrial
Allows for single and two family residential and industrial
uses.
Little Rock Zoning Ordinance:
R4 Two Family District
For the development of duplex dwellings with a minimum
lot size of 7,000 square feet.
MF18 Multi -family District
For apartment development at a maximum of 18 units per
acre.
03 General Office District
For development of freestanding offices serving a broad
range of public needs.
C3 General Commercial District
For development of a broad range of general sales and
service uses.
C4 Open Display Commercial District
For development of a range of uses requiring open display
of merchandise such as automobiles, mobile homes, and
building materials.
I2 Light Industrial District
For development of and efficient well-designed industrial
park. This district encourages the development of park
like settings with significant landscaping and design
effort.
I3 Heavy Industrial District
For development of industrial uses of an objectionable or
hazardous nature. This district normally includes uses that
emit a high level of noise, dust, odor, or other pollutants
thus; requiring separation from residential or other more
sensitive uses.
50 Downtown Little Rock
Framework for the Future 51
ZONING CATEGORIES
"CLR" Central Little Rock
PI
Public and Institutional
For location of parks, schools, churches, etc.
M
Metrocentre
Allows for commercial uses and multi -family housing with
a floor arca ratio (F.A.R.) of 15.0.
GB
General Business
Allows for commercial uses and multi -family and single
farnilY housing with a F.A.R2 of 5,0.
HR
High Density Residential
Allows' for all types of housing with some commercial
structures. . —
PD
Planned Development
A process utilizing the same submittal and review
procedures as a "PUD", except that, this process permits
development ofa single use picjccts exclusively.
Framework for the Future 51
LAND USE CATEGORIES
SF Sincic Family Residential - Th"as category provides for single
l'amily humus at densities not 10 cxcced b dwelling units per acre. Such residunlial
duvclopmemistypically characterixcdbyconvcntionalsingle familyhomcs,butmay
also incfudcpaliourgardenhomcsand clustcrhomes,pruvidcdthatlhedansityrgmain -
Icss than 6 units per acre.
LDR Low Dcn51l Residential - This category accommodates a
broad range of housing types including sing Ic Family attached, single family detached,
duplex, townhomes, multi -family and patio or garden homes. Any combination of
these and possibly other housing types may fall in this category provided that the
density is between sir (6) and ten (10) dwelling units per acre.
MF Multi-FamilvResidential-The multi -family category accom-
modates residential development often (W) to thirty-six (36)dwelling units per acre.
MH Mobile Home Park - This category accommodates an area
specifically developed to accommodate mobile homes.
Q OfGcc - The Office category represents services provided
directly to consumers (e.g„legaI, financial, medical) as Wel I as general offices which
support more basic economic activities.
SD Suburban Office -The suburban office category shall provide
for low intensity development of office or office parks in close proximity to lower,
density residential areas to assure compatibility, A Planned Zoning District is
required.
NIC] MfixedCommercialandfndustrial-Thiscategoryprovidesfor
a mixture ofcommereialand industrial uses tooccur. Acceptable uses are commercial
or mixed commercial and industrial. A Planned Zoning District is required ifthe use
is mired commercial and industrial.
AIDC 4lixed Office and Commercial - This category provides for a
mixture of office and commercial uses to occur. Acceptable uses are office or mixed
office and commercial. A Planned Zoning District is required i f the use is mixed office
and commercial.
STD Service Trades District -Thisc a tegoryprovidesforaselectiort
ofoffiee, warehousing, and industrial park activities that primarily serve other office
service or industrial businesses. The district is intended to allow support services to
these businesses and to provide for uses with an oMcc component. A Planned Zoning
District is required for any development not wholly office.
AIX Mixed Use -This category provides for a mixture ofresiden-
tial, office and commercial uses tooccur. A Planned Zoning District is required ifthe
use is entirely office or commercial or ifihe use is a mixture of the three.
52 Downtown Little Rock
LAND USE CATEGORIES
LI LiRht. Industrial -This category provides for light warehouse,
distribution or storage uses, andfor other industrial uses that arc developed in a wel I-
designed "park like" setting.
I Industrial - The industrial category encompasses a wide vari-
cly Of manufacturing, warchou sing research anddcvclopmcnt, processing, and indus,
try related oflice and service activitics. Industrial development typically occurs on an
individual tract basis rather than according to an overall development plan.
C Commercial - The camntercisi category includes a broad
range orretail and wholesale sales orproduc ts, personal and professional services,and
general husiness activities. Corpmcrcial activities vary in type and scale, depending
on the trade arca that they serve,
CS Community Shopping '-"This category provides for shopping
center development with one ormorc general merchandise stores.
+\C Neighborhood Commercial -The neighborhood commercial
calegory includes limited small scale commercial development in close proximity to
a neighborhood, providing goods and services to that neighborhood market area,
NODE Existing Business Node - This category provides for the
existence of a sufficient rnnrentration (minimum of 3) of long-term established
businesses on both sides ON major street. The businesses must be contiguous or in
close proximity. A Planned Zoning District is required.
A A riculture - It is the intent of this category to encourage the
continuation of agricultural uses of the land. The agricultural classification also
provides for a transition between rural areas and the urban fringc, where it would be
appropriate to preserve cxisting rural land use, prior to annexation into the city.
M Pvlin - The raining category provides ror the extraction of
various natural resources such as bauxite, sand, gravel, limestone, granite or other.
dining uses will includcassuranecs that these resources be properly managed so as not
to create a hazard, nuisance or the disfigurement or pollution ofthe land.
PK/OS Park/Qpen Space - This category includes all public parks,
recreation facilities, greenbelts, flood plains, and other designated open space and
recreational land.
III I'ubl_icflnstitutionaf - This category includes public and aunsi
public facilities whichprovidea variety orsery ices to the community such as schools,
libraries, fire stations, churthcs, utility substations, and hospitals.
Framework for the Future 53
PROPOSED ZONING DISTRICTS
During the three committees' initial work sessions, it became apparent that the
current Downtown zoning districts wer a hindrance for implementing the Down-
town vision and anew zoning approach was needed. Based on the comments and
concerns raised during the planning process, staff developed two ncw, zoning
districts for the Downtown area. The basic elements of the proposed districts are
described below. The proposed districts represented in this section arc starting
points and not the Final language for adoption.
The Planning Commission will be requested to endorse the concept of new
zoning for Downtown and asked to lead the formal review process to develop the
new districts. This will involve a working committee, public meetings, Planning
Commission review and final adoption of the new districts by the Little Rock
Board of Directors.
General Purpose.
The mixed use districts established by [his chapter are designed to assure the
continuation of development consistent with traditional urban form to help create a
compact, dense, distinguishable core area with appropriate uses. Structures within
the mined use district are encouraged to provide multiple uses within the same
structure"
Districts.
The "NIX" mixed use district is hereby subdivided into two (2) subordinate districts
which are kno%kn as:
(1) MX -L mixed use low intensity
(2) MX -H mixed use high intensity
Application or Regulations.
The regulations of these Districts shall apply to ncw development, redevelopment,
expansion of existing development or exterior modifications. Routine repairs and
maintenance shall not require compliance with this section.
Exccpt for construction of improvements in the public right or way required by the
City, and redevelopment or expansion of existing development, all uses, strucluresor
logs which existed on the effective date orthis section which do not conform to the
standards and guidelines established in this section, shall be treated as noncon rorming
according to the provisions or Article IN of this chapter,
General District Restrictions.
(1) Any lighting shall be placed so as to reflect light away from adjacent
residential structures. No eieessive or unusual noise. odor or vibration shall be
emitted sothat it constitutes a nuisance which substantially exceeds thatgeneral level
ornoise, odororvibration emitted by usesadjaccnt to or immediately surrounding the
site. Such comparisons shall be made at the boundary of the site.
(2) All leash reccptacles and pickup shall beoriented away from tile street
side of the property and adequately screened. Trash receptacles shall be placed in
alleys if alleys are available.
54 Downtown Little Rock
PROPOSED ZONING DISTRICTS
(3) Landscaping or all on site vehicu I a ruse areas and pub I ic right-of-way
shall be in compliance with chapter 15, article IV.
(4) Sidewalks.
(a) Sidewalksshall consist of7'-6" concrete walk and 4%0"strip
along the road. This 4"-0" strip may be landscaped or paved.
Sidewalks shall provide a minimum 6 foot clearance for case of
pedestrian traffic and movement.
(b) Sidewalk sales and daily display or vending that Is stored
inside the principal business building during non -business hours,
shall be allowed. However, these activities shall not obstruct pedes-
trian movement' fire ]ones or areas designated for access by the
physicaliy impaired.
(5) Building orientation. Buildings must be oriented to the street. The
buildings primary entrance shall be on the Street.
(6) Street -level floor. The ground -level (street fronting) floor on non-
residential structures shall have a minimum of 60 perccnt and a maximum of 85
percent transparent or window display.
(7) Area regulations.
(a) Fronr}arrd. All buildings must be constructed to the property
line unless a public plazas or green space is included in site design of
the site in which case the building line must begin at the edge of the
public plaza or green space. New structures must eon Form to the
setback of existing structures in that block.
(b) Rear yard. No setback required except adjacent to single
Family detached structures which will have rear yards of not less than
twenty-five (25) feet.
(c) side yard. No setback required except adjacent to single
Family detached structures which will have interior side yards ofnot
less than four (4) Feet.
(8) Theconstruction ofadditional motor vehicle service structures. drive-
in, drive-through structures in this district is prohibited effective
(4) Porkirrg structures and lots. The street -level of a parking structure
must have leasable store fronts or an appropriate activity use. Parking lots must have
a false facade at any property line abutting a street.
(10) Signs. OfPprcmise pole and monument signs are not allowed.
Permitted signs shall be as in Section 36-553 "Signs permitted in institutional and
office zones" of the Zoning Ordinance.
(11) Buikling maierials. Primary building materials shall be wood, ma-
sonry, or glass.
(12) Curb curs. No more than one curb cut per block face is permitted.
(13) Intersection radii. All curb and gutters at street intersections shall be
15 feet measured at the back of curb and shall align with the outside dimensions
Framework for the Future 55
DEFINITIONS
Mixed Use -Urban: This category provides for a mix of residential, office and
commercial uses not only in the same block but within the same structure. This
category is intended for older 'urban' areas to allow dissimilar uses to exist which
support each other to create a vital area. Development should reinforce the urban
fabric creating a 24 hour activity area. Using the Planed Zoning District, MXL or
MXH District, high and moderate density developments that result in a vital (dense)
pedestrian oriented area are appropriate.
Drive Through — means an establishment which by design of physical facilities or
by the type orservice offered, the customer conducts business from a motor vehicle.
Pedestrian 'urban' oriented — means a development pattern designed at a human
(pcdestrian)scaleand orientafion. This includes provision ofvisual items ofinterest
for the pedestrian, such as; window displays, streetscape amenities.
False Facade— means the continuation of.the''wall' with no structure behind. The
wall' nerd not be solid wish doors and windows;, however, there must be sufficient
mass to provide the illusion ora structure.
Framework for the Future 57
Photos and Draivings Provided By;
LR Parks and Recrearion
Central Arkansas Transit Authority
DonagheyProjecl, UALR
LR Planning and Development
COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Bob Lane
Jane Rogers
MacArthur Park Planning Arca
Jim McKenzie
Ira Bass
Macbeth Bragg
Keith Jones
Cheri Nichols
Liz norb
John Bush
Mike Dooley
Barbara Patty
Shannoo T
Shannon orbett
Barry navis
Greg Hart
Tim Polk
Frank Porbeck
Marke Wbeb e
Rev. Howard Gordon
Bobby Roberts
Tom Wilkes
Townsend Wolfe
Dale Gunter
Anne Guthrie
Jane Rogers
Bill Worthen
George Wittenberg
Chandra Russell
Randy Wyatt
Central Business District Planning Area
Tony Branson
Ron Brimbe D
Bob Lane
Jane Rogers
Paul Esterer
Jim McKenzie
Chandra Russell
Anne Guthrie
Jim Mercado
Johnny Mitchum
Betty Smith
Herren
Jimmy Moses
Mary Dee Thomas
Paul
Paul Harvel
Keith Jones
Mike Munson
Barry Travis
Shannon Torbett
Anne Laidlaw
Tim Polk
Bobby Roberts
Robert Voyles
Keith Jones
Bobby Roberts
Chandra Russell
George Wittenberg
State Capitol Planning Area
Ted Bailey Jim McKenzie
Sharlett Craig Ron Newman Charles Ray
Anne Laidlaw Shannon Torben
Kathleen Oleson Odies Wilson
Downtown Steering Committee
John Bush
Sharlett Craig
Jim McKenzie
Betty Smith
Mike Dooley
Jimmy Moses
Ron Newman
Mary Dee Thomas
Harold Ford
Cheri Nichols
Shannon Torben
Rev. Howard Gordon
Barbara Patty
Mark Webre
Ken Grunewald
Tim Polk
Debbie Wheeler
Anne GuthrieTom
Greg Hart
Frank Porbeck
Wilkes
Odies Wilson
Keith Jones
Bobby Roberts
Chandra Russell
George Wittenberg
Bob Lane
Bill Worthen
Lynn Zollner
Department or Planning and Development Staff
Alice Anderson
Tony Bozynski
Pat Herman
Walter Malone
Quenton Burge
Perdita Holtz
Donna James
Brian Minyard
Mark Edwards
Jim Lawson
Shawn Spencer
Clay White
58 Downtown Little Rock